CSA Ocean Sciences, Inc is a marine environmental consulting firm, specializes in in providing marine environmental consulting associated with the permitting and development of offshore energy projects. CSA staff have provided environmental consulting and permitting support for multiple offshore wind developments along the Atlantic coast of the United States from Massachusetts to Virginia. These efforts have advanced in close cooperation with the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) and other cooperating federal and state agencies. Staff have been involved in all phases of offshore wind development from siting and routing assessments and development of permit plans to preparation of detailed Site Assessment Plans (SAPs) and Construction and Operations Plans (COPs). In addition, we have also prepared Programmatic Environmental Impact Statements (EISs) and completed a number of environmental studies associated with offshore energy projects directly under contract to BOEM.